Teleenfermería en salud mental: efecto sobre los síntomas de ansiedad y el consumo de alcohol durante la pandemia de COVID-19 / Telenursing in mental health: effect on anxiety symptoms and alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic / Telenfermagem em saúde mental: efeito em sintomas de ansiedade e consumo de álcool durante a pandemia COVID-19

Objetivo: investigar el efecto de una intervención a distancia sobre los síntomas de ansiedad y el consumo de alcohol en usuarios del servicio de Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: estudio cuasiexperimental, realizado con 1270 participantes que respondieron al Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test y al State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 6. De estos, 1033 encuestados obtuvieron puntajes de síntomas de ansiedad moderada/grave (STAI-6 > 3) y consumo de alcohol de riesgo moderado/grave (AUDIT-C>3), y recibieron las intervenciones mediante llamada telefónica con un seguimiento de siete y 180 días. Para analizar los datos se utilizó un modelo de regresión de efectos mixtos. Resultados: el efecto de la intervención realizada fue positivo para reducir los síntomas de ansiedad entre T0 y T1 (µ=1,6 p<0,001) y para reducir el patrón de consumo de alcohol entre t1 y t3 (µ=1,57 p< 0,001). Conclusión: los resultados del seguimiento sugieren que la intervención tuvo un efecto positivo en la reducción de la ansiedad y el patrón de consumo de alcohol que tiende a mantenerse en el tiempo. Existe evidencia de que la intervención propuesta puede ser una alternativa para la atención preventiva en salud mental, en situaciones donde se comprometa la accesibilidad del usuario o del profesional.

Objective: to investigate the effect of a remote intervention on anxiety symptoms and alcohol use in users of the Primary Health Care service. Method: a quasi-experimental study conducted with 1,270 participants who answered the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-6. Of these, 1,033 interviewees scored for moderate/severe anxiety symptoms (STAI-6 > 3) and moderate/severe risk alcohol use (AUDIT-C > 3), and received the interventions via telephone calls with follow-up periods lasting seven and 180 days. For data analysis, a mixed-effects regression model was used. Results: the effect of the intervention performed was positive in reducing anxiety symptoms between T0 and T1 (µ=1.6, p<0.001) and in reducing the alcohol use pattern between T1 and T3 (µ=1.57, p<0.001) Conclusion: the follow-up results suggest a positive effect of the intervention in reducing anxiety and the alcohol use pattern, which tends to be maintained over time. There is diverse evidence that the intervention proposed can be an alternative for preventive care in mental health, in situations where accessibility of the user or the professional is compromised.

Objetivo: investigar o efeito de uma intervenção remota nos sintomas de ansiedade e no uso de álcool em usuários do serviço de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: estudo quase experimental, realizado com 1270 participantes que responderam o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test e a State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 6. Desses, 1033 entrevistados pontuaram para sintomas de ansiedade moderada/severa (STAI-6>3) e uso de risco de álcool moderado/severo (AUDIT-C>3), e receberam as intervenções via chamada telefônica com follow-up de sete e 180 dias. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se um modelo de regressão de efeitos mistos. Resultados: o efeito da intervenção realizada foi positivo na redução dos sintomas de ansiedade entre T0 e T1 (µ=1,6 p<0.001) e na redução do padrão de uso de álcool entre t1 e t3 (µ=1,57 p<0.001). Conclusão: os resultados do follow-up sugerem efeito positivo da intervenção na redução da ansiedade e no padrão de uso de álcool, o qual tende a se manter ao longo do tempo. Há evidências de que a intervenção proposta pode ser uma alternativa para o cuidado preventivo em saúde mental, em situações nas quais a acessibilidade do usuário ou do profissional encontram-se comprometidas.

Eficácia de uma intervenção online para prevenção da ansiedade: um ensaio clínico / Efectividad de una intervención online para prevención de ansiedad: un ensayo clínico / Efficacy of an online intervention for anxiety prevention: a clinical trial

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness, and the sustained effect (follow-up) of a fourweek mindfulness intervention in reducing anxiety and stress in a group of Brazilian university students, the intervention was adapted to be made available through the application Neurosaúde, created as part of this work to serve as a platform for intervention. The research as a whole took place in a virtual environment, with forty-eight participants recruited who were randomly allocated to the intervention group or to the waiting list control. Measures were used to access the levels of mindfulness, anxiety and stress before, after the intervention and at the 4-week follow-up. Applying the intention-to-treat analysis, we found significant differences between the groups for the measurement of anxiety in the follow-up with a large feat size (F (2.92) = 10.275, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.183). Our results suggest that the 4-week mindfulness intervention through a mobile application was able to act as a protective factor against the anxiety developed by university students during the occurrence of the pandemic caused by Covid-19, whereas while the treatment group maintained levels reduced anxiety the control group demonstrated a continuous increase in anxiety in the post-test and follow-up that coincided with the first wave of Covid-19 in the region where the participants lived.

El propósito de este estudio fue probar la eficacia y el efecto sostenido (seguimiento) de una intervención de atención plena de cuatro semanas para reducir la ansiedad y el estrés en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios brasileños, la intervención se adaptó para estar disponible a través del app. Neurosaúde, creada como parte de este trabajo para servir como plataforma de intervención. La investigación en su conjunto se llevó a cabo en un entorno virtual, siendo reclutados cuarenta y ocho participantes que fueron asignados aleatoriamente al grupo de intervención o al control en lista de espera. Se utilizaron medidas para evaluar los niveles de atención plena, ansiedad y estrés antes, después de la intervención y en el seguimiento a las 4 semanas. Al aplicar el análisis por intención de tratar, encontramos diferencias significativas entre los grupos para la medida de ansiedad en el seguimiento con un tamaño de efecto grande (F (2.92) = 10.275, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.183). Nuestros resultados sugieren que la intervención de mindfulness de 4 semanas a través de una aplicación móvil fue capaz de actuar como factor protector contra la ansiedad desarrollada por estudiantes universitarios durante la ocurrencia de la pandemia de Covid-19, ya que mientras el grupo de tratamiento mantuvo niveles, el grupo control demostró un aumento continuo de la ansiedad en el postest y seguimiento que coincidió con la primera ola de Covid-19 en la región donde residían los participantes.

O propósito deste estudo foi testar a eficácia e o efeito sustentado (follow-up) de uma intervenção de mindfulness de quatro semanas na redução da ansiedade e estresse em um grupo de estudantes universitários brasileiros. A intervenção foi adaptada para ser disponibilizada pelo aplicativo Neurosaúde, criado como parte deste trabalho para servir de plataforma para a intervenção. A pesquisa como um todo ocorreu em ambiente virtual, sendo recrutados 48 participantes que foram alocados randomicamente para o grupo intervenção ou para o controle de lista de espera. Medidas foram utilizadas para acessar os níveis de mindfulness, ansiedade e estresse antes, após a intervenção e no follow-up de quatro semanas. Aplicando a análise por intenção de tratar, encontramos diferenças significativas entre os grupos para a medida de ansiedade no follow-up com um tamanho de efeito grande (F (2.92) = 10.275, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.183). Nossos resultados sugerem que a intervenção de mindfulness de quatro semanas por meio de um aplicativo móvel foi capaz de agir como um fator protetor contra a ansiedade desenvolvida pelos estudantes universitários durante a ocorrência da pandemia causada pelo Covid-19, visto que, enquanto o grupo tratamento manteve níveis reduzidos de ansiedade, o grupo controle demonstrou um contínuo aumento de ansiedade no pós-teste e follow-up que coincidiu com a primeira onda de Covid-19 na região onde os participantes residiam.

Práticas integrativas e complementares na odontologia / Integrative and complementary practices in dentistry / Prácticas integradoras y complementarias en odontología

As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs) apresentam-se como métodos coadjuvantes, auxiliando na obtenção de sucesso em determinados tratamentos clínicos e/ou cirúrgicos, atuando na prevenção, auxiliando na cura e no equilíbrio psicossomático com a finalidade de reestabelecer concordância entre mente e corpo. O Conselho Federal de Odontologia (CFO) regulamentou práticas como acupuntura, hipnose, terapia floral e fitoterapia, entretanto, suas aplicabilidades dependem da emissão de uma habilitação e seu devido registro no Conselho (Resolução CFO 82/2008). Para a Odontologia, as PICs proporcionam novas ferramentas para exercer um atendimento integral do ser humano. Neste trabalho, propõe-se fazer uma revisão de literatura sobre as PICs e Odontologia. Esta revisão de literatura foi realizada por meio de busca de artigos na base de dados Scielo, PubMed e Scholar Google no período de 2000 a 2021. Foram encontrados artigos sobre as seguintes PICs atuando conjuntamente com a Odontologia: terapias florais, acupuntura, hipnodontia, ozonioterapia, laserterapia, fitoterapia, homeopatia e odontologia antroposófica. Essas práticas apresentam grande valia, pois promovem o bem-estar sem causar dano ao indivíduo, apresentando poucos ou nenhum efeito colateral possibilitando maior segurança aos pacientes, além de favorecer a relação entre paciente e cirurgião-dentista, otimizando o tempo de trabalho no consultório odontológico e reduzindo custos.

Integrative and Complementary Practices (PICs) are presented as supporting methods, helping to achieve success in certain clinical and/or surgical treatments, acting in prevention, assisting in healing and psychosomatic balance in order to reestablish agreement between mind and body. . The Federal Council of Dentistry (CFO) has regulated practices such as acupuncture, hypnosis, floral therapy and herbal medicine, however, their applicability depends on the issuance of a license and its proper registration with the Council (Resolution CFO 82/2008). For Dentistry, PICs provide new tools to provide comprehensive care to human beings. In this work, we propose to review the literature on PICs and Dentistry. This literature review was carried out by searching articles in the Scielo, PubMed and Scholar Google databases from 2000 to 2021. Articles were found on the following PICs working together with Dentistry: floral therapies, acupuncture, hypnodontics, ozone therapy , laser therapy, phytotherapy, homeopathy and anthroposophic dentistry. These practices are of great value, as they promote well-being without causing harm to the individual, presenting few or no side effects, allowing greater safety for patients, in addition to favoring the relationship between patient and dentist, optimizing working time in the dental office and reducing costs.

Las Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias (PIC) se presentan como métodos coadyuvantes, ayudando a obtener el éxito en determinados tratamientos clínicos y/o quirúrgicos, actuando en la prevención, ayudando en la cura y en el equilibrio psicosomático con el fin de restablecer la concordancia entre mente y cuerpo. El Consejo Federal de Odontología (CFO) ha regulado prácticas como la acupuntura, la hipnosis, la terapia floral y la fitoterapia, sin embargo, su aplicabilidad depende de la emisión de un título y su correcto registro en el Consejo (Resolución CFO 82/2008). Para la odontología, los PIC aportan nuevas herramientas para la atención integral del ser humano. En este trabajo, nos proponemos hacer una revisión bibliográfica sobre los PIC y la Odontología. Esta revisión bibliográfica se realizó mediante la búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Scielo, PubMed y Scholar Google desde el año 2000 hasta el 2021. Se encontraron artículos sobre los siguientes CFP que actúan conjuntamente con la Odontología: terapias florales, acupuntura, hipnodoncia, ozonoterapia, terapia láser, fitoterapia, homeopatía y odontología antroposófica. Estas prácticas tienen un gran valor porque promueven el bienestar sin causar daño al individuo, presentando pocos o ningún efecto secundario, proporcionando mayor seguridad a los pacientes, y favoreciendo la relación entre el paciente y el dentista, optimizando el tiempo de trabajo en el consultorio y reduciendo los costos.

Reducing Labor Anxiety with Auriculotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the effect of auriculotherapy on reducing labor anxiety.@*METHODS@#In this randomized clinical trial, 166 nulliparous pregnant women admitted to the Labor Ward of Izadi Hospital in Qom, Iran were included and assigned to two groups by randomized block design. In the intervention group (83 cases), auriculotherapy in "Shenmen, Thalamic, Zero, Brain, and Brain stem" was performed in dilatations of 4, 6 and 8 cm, between the contractions for 30 s in both ears at interval 1 h. While the control group received routine care. The Spielberger Inventory were completed pre- and post-interventions.@*RESULTS@#The auriculotherapy was effective to reduce anxiety state in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.001). The score of state anxiety in the intervention group reduced for 7.0, 8.0 and 11.0 U in 4, 6, and 8 cm dilatations after the intervention. The score of trait anxiety in the intervention group reduced for 3.8, 4.0 and 8.3 U in 4, 6, and 8 cm dilatations after the intervention. There was no significant difference of delivery mode and newborns' weight and Apgar score between groups (P>0.05). No adverse postpartum outcome such as hemorrhage has been observed in both groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Since most women are anxious during labor, it seems that auriculotherapy can be an easy and safe method to reduce labor anxiety. (Trial registration No. irct20121230011944n4).

Efetividade da auriculoacupuntura sobre a qualidade de vida e aspectos emocionais em profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia do COVID-19: ensaio clínico randomizado / Effectiveness of auriculoacupuncture on the quality of life and emotional aspects of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized clinical trial

Com a pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, observou-se o surgimento e agravamento de impactos negativos na saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem. Assim, tornam-se necessárias a criação e implementação de programas de apoio ao profissional. Dentre as intervenções efetivas para a resolução ou redução desses acometimentos emocionais, pode-se citar a auriculoacupuntura. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a efetividade da auriculoacupuntura sobre a qualidade de vida e os aspectos emocionais em profissionais de enfermagem que atuaram no âmbito hospitalar durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de ensaio clínico, randomizado, controlado, paralelo, aberto embasado nas recomendações do Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. Foi desenvolvido em um hospital de Belo Horizonte entre os meses de janeiro a setembro de 2021. Participaram 179 profissionais de enfermagem que apresentavam níveis moderados, severos ou extremamente severo de estresse, ansiedade ou depressão. Os profissionais foram randomizados em dois grupos: aqueles que receberam o tratamento - grupo intervenção (n=88), e os indivíduos que não receberam a intervenção - grupo controle (n=91). O grupo intervenção recebeu cinco sessões de auriculoacupuntura, uma vez por semana. Utilizou-se agulhas semipermanentes que foram fixadas no pavilhão auricular. Os instrumentos para coleta de dados foram: instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica, psicossocial e laboral; a Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse-21; a Escala de Impacto do Evento-Revisado, o World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref, além do instrumento de avaliação da intervenção. Foram realizadas três avaliações para mensuração das variáveis: avaliação inicial, antes de iniciar o tratamento; avaliação final, realizada cinco semanas após a avaliação inicial; e o follow-up. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética e pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e foi registrado no Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos - RBR-2JNX4S. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do modelo longitudinal das Equações de Estimações Generalizadas e o nível de significância adotado foi de 0,05. Foi evidenciado que a auriculoacupuntura proporcionou diferença significativa de 11,74 pontos no grupo intervenção em relação ao controle (p<0,001) na variável percepção da qualidade de vida. Nos domínios físico, psicológico, de relações sociais e de meio ambiente, mensurados pelo Whoqol-Bref, diferenças estatisticamente significativas intergrupos também foram observadas (p<0,005), sendo a melhor pontuação no grupo intervenção. Ainda, a diferença foi estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em relação às desordens emocionais onde o grupo que recebeu a intervenção apresentou redução de 14,61 pontos (p<0,001) no nível de estresse, 10,65 pontos (p<0,001) no nível de ansiedade e 10,56 pontos (p<0,001) no nível de depressão. Durante o período de seguimento, observou-se que em todas as variáveis houve permanência de diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,005) nos grupos, com melhores pontuações encontradas no grupo intervenção. Diante disso, destaca-se a possibilidade de implementar a terapêutica como opção de tratamento em serviços de saúde, a fim de promover a saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem. Ademais, caracteriza-se por ser uma técnica de relevância para a prática clínica na enfermagem, fortalecendo e incentivando a prática baseada em evidência.

With the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the emergence and aggravation of negative impacts on the mental health of nursing professionals was noted. Thus, the creation and implementation of support programs for these professionals has become necessary. Among the effective interventions for the resolution or reduction of these emotional distresses, auricular acupuncture can be mentioned. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of auricular acupuncture on the quality of life and emotional aspects of nursing professionals who were working in hospital environments during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a randomized, controlled, parallel, and open clinical trial based on the guidelines of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. This study was carried out in a hospital in Belo Horizonte between January and September 2021. A total of 179 nursing professionals who presented moderate, severe, or extremely severe levels of stress, anxiety, or depression participated. The professionals were randomized into two groups, namely: those who received the treatment - the intervention group (n=88), and those who did not receive the intervention - the control group (n=91). The intervention group received five auricular acupuncture sessions, once a week. Semi-permanent needles were used and attached to the auricular pavilion. The instruments used for data collection were the following: a sociodemographic, psychosocial, and occupational classification instrument; the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21; the Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R), the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref, and the intervention evaluation instrument. Three assessments were performed to measure the variables, namely: the initial assessment, carried out before starting treatment; the final assessment, performed five weeks after the initial assessment; and the follow-up. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Minas Gerais and was registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - RBR-2JNX4S. The statistical analysis was performed using the Generalized Estimating Equations longitudinal model and the significance level adopted was 0.05. It was found that auricular acupuncture provided a significant difference of 11.74 points in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.001) in the perceived quality of life variable. In the physical, psychological, social relations, and environment domains, measured by the Whoqol-Bref, statistically significant intergroup differences were also found (p<0.005), with the best scores found in the intervention group. Furthermore, the difference was statistically significant between the groups in relation to emotional disorders where the group that received the intervention presented a reduction of 14.61 points (p<0.001) in the level of stress, 10.65 points (p<0.001) in the level of anxiety, and 10.56 points (p<0.001) in the level of depression. During the follow-up period, it was noted that in all variables a statistically significant difference (p<0.005) remained between the groups, with better scores found in the intervention group. Therefore, the possibility of implementing this therapy as a treatment option in health services, in order to promote the mental health of nursing professionals, stands out. Moreover, it is considered to be a technique of relevance for clinical practice in nursing, promoting and encouraging evidence-based practice.

Effect of Interactive Dynamic Scalp Acupuncture on Post-Stroke Cognitive Function, Depression, and Anxiety: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effects of interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture (IDSA), simple combination therapy (SCT), and traditional scalp acupuncture (TSA) on cognitive function, depression and anxiety in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment.@*METHODS@#A total of 660 patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment who were admitted to 3 hospitals in Shenzhen City between May 2017 and May 2020 were recruited and randomly assigned to the IDSA (218 cases), SCT (222 cases) and TSA groups (220 cases) according to a random number table. All the patients received conventional drug therapy for cerebral stroke and exercise rehabilitation training. Scalp acupuncture and computer-based cognitive training (CBCT) were performed simultaneously in the IDSA group, but separately in the morning and in the afternoon in the SCT group. The patients in the TSA group underwent scalp acupuncture only. The course of treatment was 8 weeks. Before treatment (M0), 1 (M1) and 2 months (M2) after treatment, as well as follow-up at 1 (M3) and 2 months (M4), the cognitive function of patients was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) Scales; depression, anxiety, sleep quality, and self-care ability of patients were assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Modified Barthel Index (MBI), respectively. During this trial, all adverse events (AEs) were accurately recorded.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences in the MMSE, MoCA, HAMD, HAMA, PSQI, and MBI scores among the 3 groups at M0 (all P>0.05). In the IDSA group, the MMSE, MoCA and MBI scores from M2 to M4 were significantly higher than those in the SCT and TSA groups, while the HAMD, HAMA and PSQI scores were significantly reduced (all P<0.01). The changes of all above scores (M2-M0, M4-M0) were significantly superior to those in the SCT and TSA groups (all P<0.01, except M4-M0 of HAMD). At M2, the severity of MMSE, HAMD, HAMA, PSQI and MBI in the IDSA group was significantly lower than that in the SCT and TSA groups (all P<0.01). There was no serious AE during this trial.@*CONCLUSIONS@#IDSA can not only significantly improve cognitive function, but also reduce depression, anxiety, which finally improves the patient's self-care ability. The effect of IDSA was significantly better than SCT and TSA. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR1900027206).

Effect of Tiaoshen acupuncture on anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect between Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with psychotherapy and simple psychotherapy on anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal.@*METHODS@#A total of 78 patients were randomized into an observation group (39 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (39 cases, 1 case dropped off). Psychotherapy was given in the control group. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, Tiaoshen acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13), Neiguan (PC 6) and Shenmen (HT 7) in the observation group. The treatment was given once a day, 6 days were as one course and totally 4 courses were required in both groups. The scores of Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), quality of life for drug addicts (QOL-DA) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) before and after treatment were observed in both groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the various scores and the total scores of HAMA, QOL-DA and PSQI were decreased compared before treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the scores of somatic anxiety factor, the psychic anxiety factor and the total score of HAMA, each various score and the total score of QOL-DA as well as the scores of sleep quality, time to fall asleep, sleep time, daytime dysfunction and the total score of PSQI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with psychotherapy can relieve the anxiety in patients with anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal, improve the quality of life and sleep, the therapeutic effect is superior to the simple psychotherapy.

Combined use of Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) to improve the anxiety and depression in patients with insomnia: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on anxiety and depression in patients with insomnia, and to explore the mechanism of its compatibility effect.@*METHODS@#Ninety patients of insomnia were randomly divided into a combination group, a Shenmen group and a Sanyinjiao group, 30 cases in each group. In addition, 37 cases with anxiety (12 cases in the combination group, 13 cases in the Shenmen group and 12 cases in the Sanyinjiao group) and 42 cases with depression (14 cases in the combination group, 14 cases in the Shenmen group and 14 cases in the Sanyinjiao group) were identified. The patients in the combination group, Shenmen group and Sanyinjiao group were treated with EA (dilatational wave, frequency of 5 Hz/25 Hz) at Shenmen (HT 7)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), respectively, 30 min each treatment, once a day. The consecutive 5 days of treatments were taken as a course of treatment, and 2 courses of treatment were given. The insomnia severity index (ISI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores were evaluated before and after treatment, and the serum contents of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) were measured.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the ISI, SAS and SDS scores in the three groups were all decreased after treatment (P<0.05), and the ISI score in the combination group was lower than that in the Shenmen group (P<0.05). Among the patients with anxiety, compared before treatment, the ISI, SAS scores and serum contents of DA were all decreased after treatment in the three groups (P<0.05), and the serum contents of NE in the combination group and Shenmen group were decreased after treatment (P<0.05); the SAS score and serum contents of NE in the combination group and Shenmen group as well as the ISI score in the combination group were lower than those in the Sanyinjiao group (P<0.05). Among the patients with depression, compared before treatment, the ISI, SDS scores and serum contents of DA were all decreased after treatment in the three groups (P<0.05), and the serum contents of NE in the combination group and Shenmen group were decreased after treatment (P<0.05); the ISI, SDS scores and serum contents of NE in the combination group as well as SDS score in the Shenmen group were lower than those in the Sanyinjiao group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EA at Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) has advantages over EA at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on improving insomnia, anxiety and depression. Shenmen (HT 7) plays a major role in improving anxiety and depression. Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) may play a compatibility effect of regulating consciousness and sleeping by reducing the level of serum NE.

Effects of Promove - Saúde da Mulher on anxiety, depression, social skills, and satisfaction: A single-subject design

Terapia Analítico-Comportamental (TAC) (in English, behavioral-analytic therapy, behavior therapy, or clinical behavior analysis) is a possible intervention for cases of anxiety and depression, but it still has much to advance in terms of efficacy and clinical utility evidence. This article aims to describe the effects of a semi-structured intervention in the model of TAC regarding anxiety and depression, behavior, complaints, and satisfaction indicators. Participants included three women with children, marital relationships, and work, aged between 34 and 41 with complaints compatible with anxiety and depression disorders. The intervention used Promove - Saúde da Mulher (PSM) (in English, Promote Women's Health), which included 17 topics, most of them related to social skills. Instruments included the GAD-7 for anxiety, PHQ-9 for depression, IHS-2 Del Prette for social skills, a Complaints Checklist for monitoring clinical demands, and an Evaluation of the Therapeutic Process to describe clients' satisfaction rates. The results from the standardized instruments were statistically analyzed via the JT method. All three participants showed reliable improvements in anxiety and/or depression, improvement in most complaints, and satisfaction with the intervention and its outcomes. Acquisition of social skills occurred in two cases. One participant dropped out and another one relapsed at follow-up. The efficacy criteria were used to evaluate the internal validity of the present study. The study collected the first evidences of outcome and satisfaction for PSM, thus enabling future investigations on the efficacy and clinical utility of this intervention program. (AU)

Effectiveness of auriculotherapy for anxiety, stress or burnout in health professionals: a network meta-analysis / Efetividade da auriculoterapia para ansiedade, estresse ou burnout em profissionais da saúde: metanálise em rede / Efectividad de la auriculoterapia para la ansiedad, el estrés o el burnout en profesionales de la salud: metaanálisis en red

Abstract Objective: to analyze the effectiveness of auriculotherapy, when compared to the control group, placebo or usual treatment for anxiety, stress or burnout in health professionals. Method: a systematic review conducted in nine information sources, being selected experimental or quasi-experimental studies with auriculotherapy intervention in health professionals, compared to control, placebo or usual treatment groups. Descriptive analysis and network meta-analysis by means of direct and indirect comparison. Quality of the outcomes was assessed with the Confidence in Network Meta-analysis. Results: 15 articles were included: 66.6% with Nursing teams and 53.3% with interventions involving semi-permanent needles. The shen men, brainstem, kidney, sympathetic, lung and liver acupoints predominated. There was a reduction in anxiety with semi-permanent needles (CI -8.18, -6.10), magnetic palettes (CI -7.76, -5.54), placebo (CI -5.47, -3.36) and seeds (CI -6.35, -4.05); as well as in stress with semi-permanent needles (CI -37.21, -10.88) and seeds with (CI -28.14, -11.70) and without a closed protocol (CI -36.42, -10.76). Meta-analysis was unfeasible for burnout; however, significant reductions were verified when it was treated with auriculotherapy. Conclusion: Auriculotherapy is effective to reduce anxiety and stress in health professionals; however, this assertion cannot be made in the case of burnout. It was evidenced that workers' health is favored with the use of auriculotherapy.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a efetividade da auriculoterapia comparada ao grupo controle, placebo ou tratamento habitual para ansiedade, estresse ou burnout de profissionais da saúde. Método: revisão sistemática em nove fontes de informação, sendo selecionados estudos experimentais ou quase-experimentais com intervenção de auriculoterapia em profissionais da saúde, comparados com grupos controle, placebo ou tratamento habitual. Utilizou-se análise descritiva e metanálise em rede por comparação direta e indireta. A qualidade dos desfechos foi avaliada por meio do Confidence in Network Meta-analysis. Resultados: foram incluídos 15 artigos, sendo 66,6% com equipes de enfermagem, 53,3% com intervenção de agulhas semipermanentes. Predominaram os acupontos shen men, tronco cerebral, rim, simpático, pulmão e fígado. Houve redução de ansiedade com agulhas semipermanentes (IC -8,18, -6,10), paletas magnéticas (IC -7,76, -5,54), placebo (IC -5,47, -3,36) e sementes (IC -6,35, -4,05); de estresse com agulhas semipermanentes (IC -37.21, -10.88) e sementes com (IC -28.14, -11,70) e sem protocolo fechado (IC -36.42, -10.76). A metanálise foi inviável para burnout, mas foram constatadas reduções significativas quando tratado com auriculoterapia. Conclusão: a auriculoterapia é efetiva para reduzir ansiedade e estresse de profissionais da saúde, não sendo possível realizar esta afirmação para burnout. Evidenciou-se que a saúde do trabalhador é favorecida com uso da auriculoterapia.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la efectividad de la auriculoterapia, comparándola con el grupo control, el placebo o el tratamiento habitual para la ansiedad, el estrés o el burnout de los profesionales de la salud. Método: revisión sistemática en nueve fuentes de información, siendo seleccionados estudios experimentales o cuasiexperimentales con intervención de auriculoterapia en profesionales de la salud, comparada con grupos control, placebo o atención habitual. Análisis descriptivo y metaanálisis en red por comparación directa e indirecta. La calidad de los resultados se evaluó con Confidence in Network Meta-analysis. Resultados: Se incluyeron 15 artículos, 66,6% con equipos de enfermería, 53,3% con intervención de aguja semipermanente. Predominaron los puntos de acupuntura shen men, tronco encefálico, riñón, simpático, pulmón e hígado. Se observó una reducción de la ansiedad con agujas semipermanentes (IC -8,18, -6,10), paletas magnéticas (IC -7,76, -5,54), placebo (IC -5,47, -3,36) y semillas (IC -6,35, -4,05); del estrés con agujas semipermanentes (CI -37,21, -10,88) y semillas con (CI -28,14, -11,70) y sin protocolo cerrado (CI -36,42, -10,76). No fue posible realizar el metaanálisis para el burnout, pero se constató que hubo reducciones significativas cuando se trató con auriculoterapia. Conclusión: la auriculoterapia es eficaz para reducir la ansiedad y el estrés en los profesionales de la salud, pero no se puede afirmar que lo sea para el burnout. Se observó que la salud del trabajador mejora con el uso de la auriculoterapia.

Efeitos da musicoterapia sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adultos com diagnóstico de transtornos mentais: revisão sistemática / Efectos de la musicoterapia sobre los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en adultos con diagnóstico de trastornos mentales: revisión sistemática / Effects of music therapy on anxiety and depression symptoms in adults diagnosed with mental disorders: a systematic review

Resumo Objetivo Identificar e sintetizar as evidências oriundas de ensaios clínicos randomizados que avaliaram os efeitos da musicoterapia sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e de depressão em adultos com transtornos mentais. Métodos Revisão sistemática guiada pelo protocolo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. A busca dos artigos nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL Cohcrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO e LILACS, bem como a busca manual, seleção dos estudos, extração dos dados e avaliação metodológica pela Escala de Jadad e pela ferramenta do Risco de Viés da Cochrane foram realizadas por dois revisores de forma independente. Resultados Foram identificados 1649 estudos, sendo oito selecionados e analisados. Os achados mostraram um efeito positivo da musicoterapia nos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão na população adulta em diferentes contextos. De acordo com a Risco de Viés da Cochrane, quatro estudos foram classificados como baixo risco de viés, e os outros quatro como alto risco de viés. Os adultos que receberam musicoterapia apresentaram relaxamento físico e mental, redução dos sintomas ansiosos e depressivos, promovendo o bem-estar de forma consciente e saudável. Conclusão A musicoterapia se apresenta como uma potencial estratégia para reduzir a ansiedade e a depressão bem como para auxiliar na manutenção e recuperação da saúde das pessoas adultas com transtornos mentais.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar y sintetizar las evidencias oriundas de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que evaluaron los efectos de la musicoterapia sobre los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en adultos con trastornos mentales. Métodos Revisión sistemática orientada por el protocolo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. La búsqueda de los artículos en las bases de datos MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL Cohcrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO y LILACS fue realizada por dos revisores de forma independiente, así como también la búsqueda manual, selección de los estudios, extracción de datos y evaluación metodológica a través de la Escala de Jadad y la herramienta de riesgo de sesgo de Cochrane. Resultados Se identificaron 1649 estudios, de los cuales ocho fueron seleccionados y analizados. Los resultados mostraron un efecto positivo de la musicoterapia en los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en la población adulta en diferentes contextos. De acuerdo con el riesgo de sesgo de Cochrane, cuatro estudios fueron clasificados con bajo riesgo de sesgo y otros cuatro con alto riesgo de sesgo. Los adultos que recibieron musicoterapia presentaron relajamiento físico y mental, reducción de los síntomas ansiosos y depresivos, lo que promueve el bienestar de forma consciente y saludable. Conclusión La musicoterapia se presenta como una estrategia potencial para reducir la ansiedad y la depresión, así como para ayudar a mantener y recuperar la salud de las personas adultas con trastornos mentales.

Abstract Objective To identify and synthesize evidence from randomized clinical trials that assessed the effects of music therapy on anxiety and depression symptoms in adults with mental disorders. Methods This is a systematic review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis protocol. The search for articles in the MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL Cohcrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO and LILACS databases, as well as manual search, selection of studies, data extraction and methodological assessment using the Jadad Scale and the Cochrane risk-of-bias, was performed by two reviewers independently. Results 1,649 studies were identified, eight of which were selected and analyzed. The findings showed a positive effect of music therapy on anxiety and depression symptoms in the adult population in different contexts. According to the Cochrane risk-of-bias, four studies were classified as low risk of bias, and the other four as high risk of bias. Adults who received music therapy showed physical and mental relaxation, reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms, promoting well-being in a conscious and healthy way. Conclusion Music therapy presents itself as a potential strategy to reduce anxiety and depression as well as to help maintain and recover the health of adults with mental disorders.

Homebound Elderly People Psychotherapeutic Intervention (HEPPI): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial / Intervenção psicoterapêutica com adultos idosos confinados no domicílio: protocolo para um ensaio clínico randomizado controlado

Objective: To present the study protocol for the Homebound Elderly People Psychotherapeutic Intervention (HEPPI), a home-delivered cognitive-emotional intervention aimed at homebound older adults with mild cognitive impairment and depression and/or anxiety symptoms. Methods: A two-arm, open-label, parallel-group randomized controlled trial will be conducted to compare the effects of HEPPI with treatment as usual. Homebound older adults will be recruited from the community through contact with their health care networks in mainland Portugal. All participants will complete baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up assessments. Primary outcomes will be changes in episodic memory and depression and anxiety symptoms. Secondary outcomes will include changes in general cognition, attentional control, subjective memory complaints, quality of life, functional status, and loneliness. Relevance: The availability of evidence-based home-delivered non-pharmacological interventions meeting the cognitive and emotional needs of the homebound older population could improve their access to mental health care resources and increase their mental health and quality of life.

Objetivo: Apresentar o protocolo do estudo da Homebound Elderly People Psychotherapeutic Intervention (HEPPI), uma intervenção cognitivo-emocional, realizada no domicílio, dirigida a adultos idosos confinados no domicílio com declínio cognitivo leve e sintomatologia depressiva e/ou ansiógena. Métodos: Será realizado um ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado e aberto, com o objetivo de comparar os efeitos da intervenção HEPPI com um grupo de tratamento usual. Os idosos confinados no domicílio serão recrutados na comunidade, em Portugal continental, por meio de contato com sua rede de prestação de cuidados de saúde. Todos os participantes serão avaliados em três momentos: pré-intervenção, pós-intervenção e três meses depois da intervenção. As alterações na memória episódica e na sintomatologia depressiva e ansiógena serão os desfechos primários, já os secundários serão constituídos pelas alterações no funcionamento cognitivo geral, controle atencional, queixas subjetivas de memória, qualidade de vida, capacidade funcional e solidão. Relevância: A disponibilidade de intervenções não farmacológicas em domicílio com evidência empírica, que atendam às necessidades cognitivas e emocionais dos adultos idosos confinados no domicílio, poderá facilitar o seu acesso a recursos de saúde mental, bem como melhorar sua saúde mental e qualidade de vida.

Revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos dos probióticos na depressão e ansiedade: terapêutica alternativa? / A systematic review of the effects of probiotics on depression and anxiety: an alternative therapy?

Resumo Esta revisão visa a conhecer e analisar os efeitos dos probióticos na depressão, ansiedade e estresse psicológico. Esses distúrbios estão entre as principais causas de incapacidades no mundo. As farmacoterapias convencionais costumam apresentar fraca resposta ou efeitos colaterais adversos. Estudos mais recentes têm demonstrado uma densa comunicação bidirecional chamada de eixo cérebro-intestino. Pesquisas estão evidenciando as relações entre alterações no microbioma entérico e distúrbios psiquiátricos, abrindo caminho para o surgimento de terapêuticas alternativas. Fez-se uma busca sistemática por ensaios clínicos randomizados duplo/triplo cego controlados por placebo no PubMed, Scopus e Lilacs. Para seleção dos estudos usaram-se as recomendações dos principais itens para relatar revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises (PRISMA). Nove artigos preencheram os critérios e foram analisados quanto aos efeitos na depressão, ansiedade, estresse psicológico e em biomarcadores. Sete encontraram resultados positivos em ao menos um dos itens. Conclui-se que o uso de probióticos para aliviar sintomas desses distúrbios é promissor, principalmente, por seu potencial efeito anti-inflamatório, mas são necessários ensaios clínicos randomizados duplo-cegos mais amplos e rigorosos para balizar tais conclusões.

Abstract This review aims to understand and analyse the effects of probiotics on depression, anxiety and psychological stress. These disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Conventional pharmacotherapies usually have a poor response or adverse side effects. In this context, recent studies have demonstrated a dense bi-directional communication named gut-brain axis. Evidences are demonstrating the relationship between disturbance in the enteric microbiome and psychiatric disorders, paving the way for the emergence of alternative therapies. A systematic search for randomized double/triple blind placebo-controlled clinical trials was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Lilacs. The studies selection followed the recommendations of the main items for report systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). Nine articles met the criteria and were analysed for effects on depression, anxiety, psychological stress and biomarkers. Seven found positive results in at least one of the items. We concluded that the use of probiotics to alleviate depressive symptoms and anxiety is promising, mainly due to its potential anti-inflammatory effect, but additional and more rigorous double blind randomized clinical trials are necessary to endorse such conclusions.

The effect of dialectic behavioral counseling on depression, anxiety, and postpartum hematocrit levelprotocolo 20210073553284 prefeitura

Abstract Objective Childbirth is a biological, psychological, and sociological event that can be a positive or negative experience, and, without support, this period may be potentially damaging. Parturition may distort maternal emotions and lead to short- or long-term disorders such as postpartum depression and anxiety. The present research aims to study the effects of dialectic behavioral therapy-based counseling on depression, anxiety symptoms, and postpartum hematocrit level. Methods The current research is a clinical trial study, and the sample was selected using parturients who were referred to the Health General Center with a diagnosis of postpartum depression and anxiety. The sample size consisted of 116 subjects who agreed to participate in the study. The patients in intervention group underwent group dialectic behavioral counseling (10 sessions/one session per week) and the control group did not receive any type of intervention. The patients were assessed in the first and last sessions as well as 2 months after the end of the sessions, using the Beck depression scale and Spielberg anxiety scale as well as the results of hematocrit tests. Data were analyzed using the IBMSPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0 (IBMCorp., Armonk, NY, USA) Results The results implied the effectiveness of dialectic behavioral therapy on reduction of the depression score, anxiety symptoms (p-value ≤ 0.0001), and hematocrit level (p-value=0.04). The participants' depression, anxiety, and hematocrit levels decreased in the experiment group compared to the control group, and this decrease has remained until the 2-month follow-up. Conclusion It seems that dialectic behavioral counseling reduces the levels of postpartum depression, anxiety, and hematocrits.

The Effect of Psychotherapy on Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life of Patients with Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Background Patients with heart failure often experience depression, anxiety, and impacts on quality of life. Psychotherapeutic interventions have been used for chronic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, showing improvement in mental health. However, no studies have assessed the effects of a psychological intervention using psychoanalysis on patients with heart failure. Objective To assess the effect of short-term psychotherapy on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and quality of life of patients seen at a specialty clinic. Method A randomized clinical trial with scales to assess outcomes before and after psychotherapy, under the perspective of psychoanalysis, with 12 weekly sessions. The Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire were used. The mean initial and final scores for quality of life, anxiety, and depression were compared using Student's t-test for independent samples when distribution was normal, or Mann-Whitney test when distribution was non-normal. A bivariate p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses. Results This study involved 32 patients, 50% were female, mean age was 64.3±11.6, and most participants were New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I (56.3%). For anxiety (p = 0.196), there was no statistically significant difference between groups. For quality of life and depression, there was a statistical difference (p = 0.009 and 0.035, respectively), with a medium effect (Cohen's d = 0.593) on quality of life. Conclusion Short-term psychotherapy in outpatients with heart failure showed an impact on depression and quality of life but did not improve anxiety. Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0

Intervención para la ansiedad ante las evaluaciones académicas en estudiantes de derecho / Intervention for assessment-related anxiety of law students

Se realizó una intervención con 35 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Derecho Universidad de Atacama, con la finalidad de favorecer el aprendizaje de estrategias de afrontamiento para la ansiedad ante las evaluaciones académicas. Ésta constó de seis talleres psicoeducativos donde se abordaron temáticas como el afrontamiento orientado al problema y a la emoción, el autoconcepto académico y las estrategias de aprendizaje. De esta manera, se buscó ayudar a los estudiantes a ampliar y mejorar sus recursos de afrontamiento como medio para preparar y rendir evaluaciones académicas. Esta intervención generó una contribución directa en el afrontamiento de las evaluaciones académicas. En este sentido, los estudiantes ampliaron y mejoraron su abanico de respuestas frente a la ansiedad, reforzando y potenciando técnicas que ya utilizaban en su día a día. Adicionalmente, se entregaron nuevas herramientas que permiten afrontar de manera adaptativa la situación evaluativa, contribuyendo a que ésta no sea una experiencia desagradable, aversiva y generadora de evitación.

An intervention was carried out with 35 first-year law students at the University of Atacama to promote coping strategies for assessment-related anxiety through psychoeducational workshops. These workshops addressed issues such as problem-oriented and emotion-oriented coping and academic self-concept and learning strategies, helping students expand and improve their coping resources to prepare for and take academic assessments. This intervention generates a direct contribution in coping with academic assessments, where students expanded and improved their range of responses to anxiety, reinforcing and enhancing techniques that they already used in their daily lives, in addition to providing new tools to cope adaptively with the assessment situation, helping to ensure that this is not an unpleasant experience, aversive and generating avoidance.

Auriculoterapia em profissionais de enfermagem na pandemia do coronavírus: estudo de casos múltiplos / Auriculotherapy in nursing professionals during the coronavirus pandemic: a multiple case study

Objetivou avaliar o efeito antes e depois de uma sessão de auriculoterapia nos níveis de ansiedade, depressão e estresse nos profissionais de enfermagem escalados para atuar na assistência durante a pandemia do coronavírus. Estudo de caso, com casos múltiplos e uma unidade de análise. Estabeleceu-se uma amostra por conveniência de 41 profissionais. Aplicou-se o instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica e a escala de Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, antes e após uma sessão de auriculoterapia com protocolo de 10 acupontos. Teste de Wilcoxon e T emparelhado foram empregados para análise. Níveis de ansiedade, depressão e estresse apresentaram resultados significativos, cujas medianas reduziram de seis para quatro (p<0,001), nas variáveis depressão e ansiedade, e a média de estresse reduziu de 19,37 para 11,95 (p<0,001). A auriculoterapia foi efetiva na redução de distúrbios emocionais nos profissionais de enfermagem.

This study aimed to evaluate the levels of anxiety, depression and stress before and after an auriculotherapy session, in nursing professionals working during the coronavirus pandemic. Case study, with multiple cases and one unit of analysis. A convenience sample of 41 professionals was established. The sociodemographic characterization instrument and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale were applied before and after an auriculotherapy session with a 10-acupoint protocol. The Wilcoxon and t tests were paired for analysis. Anxiety, depression and stress levels showed significant results, the medians decreased from six to four (p<0.001), in the variables depression and anxiety, and the average stress decreased from 19.37 to 11.95 (p<0.001). Auriculotherapy was effective in reducing emotional disorders in nursing professionals.

Parent-led, stepped-care cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth with autism and co-occurring anxiety: study rationale and method

Anxiety disorders affect up to 50% of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are significantly impairing to the person affected, as well as to their loved ones. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been established as the gold-standard treatment for anxiety disorders among typically developing youth and adults, and demonstrates similar efficacy among youth with high-functioning autism (HFA). Many CBT interventions utilize a "full-package" treatment approach to treat co-occurring anxiety in youth with ASD. However, these service delivery systems are often therapist-intensive, costly, and impractical, thereby compromising full engagement and treatment adherence. This paper describes the design, rationale, and methodology of a study examining stepped-care CBT for youth with HFA and co-occurring anxiety - a clinical trial examining the efficacy of low-intensity, parent-led CBT as the first line of treatment and utilizing a more intensive, therapist-led intervention for nonresponders. The study will evaluate the potential benefits of stepped-care and parent-led therapist-assisted interventions, predictors of treatment response, and the economic value of using a stepped-care model. Implications for practice will be discussed.

La musicoterapia como alternativa para el control de la agitación y sedación de pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva / Music therapy as an alternative to control psychomotor agitation and sedation of the patients with invasive mechanical ventilation

RESUMEN * Introducción: Se promueve la utilización de la musicoterapia para el manejo de determinados problemas de salud. Objetivo: Precisar el efecto de la musicoterapia sobre la sedación de pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto" de Guantánamo en 2018. Método: Durante enero-diciembre de 2018, se realizó un preexperimento con la aplicación de musicoterapia. Participaron 40 pacientes durante el proceso de destete de la ventilación mecánica invasiva. Aleatoriamente, se asignaron a un grupo estudio (n=20) que se les ofreció musicoterapia y a un grupo control (n=20) que no se les ofreció esta terapéutica. Se estudiaron las modificaciones de la frecuencia cardiaca, frecuencia respiratoria, presión arterial media, dosis de sedantes y el nivel de agitación, criterios de profesionales y pacientes respecto a esta técnica. Los datos se resumieron mediante frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes, media y la desviación típica y las diferencias se evaluaron con la técnica t de Students. Resultados: La musicoterapia mejoró la presión arterial media, frecuencia cardiaca y respiratoria, disminuyó las dosis utilizadas de sedantes y mejoró la agitación en el grupo estudio (p<0,05). Los profesionales y pacientes ofrecieron criterios favorables respecto a sus bondades para el control de la agitación (p<0,05). Conclusiones: La musicoterapia es una terapia no farmacológica útil para el control de la agitación del paciente durante el proceso de destete de la ventilación mecánica invasiva.

ABSTRACT * Introduction: Music therapy is promoted as a tool to handle certain health issues. Objective: To specify the effect of music therapy in sedated patients with invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit at the General Teaching Hospital ¨Dr. Agostinho Neto¨ in Guantanamo during the year 2018. Method: From January to December, 2018, a pre-experimental application of music therapy was undertaken. 40 patients were part of the experiment, during the process of weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation. Patients were randomly selected to the studied group (n=20) or to a control group (n=20), the first being treated with music therapy while the last was not. Modifications in heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure, sedative dose and levels of psychomotor agitation were taken into account; also listening to professionals´ and patients´ opinions on the treatment. The information gathered was sorted in absolute frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation, and the differences were evaluated with Student´s t-distribution. Results: Music therapy improved heart and respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure and helped to decrease the use of sedative doses; besides, it improved the agitation in the group studied (p<0.05). Patients and professionals both gave favorable opinions about the treatment and its ability to control the agitation (p<0.05). Conclusions: Music therapy constitutes a non-pharmacological form of therapy that proves effective to control agitation in patients during the process of weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation.

Intervención psicoterapéutica breve en estudiantes caribeños de Medicina con reacciones psicológicas por impacto ante la COVID-19 / Brief psychotherapeutic intervention in Caribbean Medicine students with psychological reactions due to impact of the COVID-19

Introducción: La propagación de la COVID-19 y su exponencial crecimiento como pandemia, abarcando a todas las regiones del mundo, ha sido, sin duda, un estresor social, psicológico y fisiológico sin precedentes. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la psicoterapia breve en un grupo de estudiantes caribeños de Medicina. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio de intervención psicoterapéutica, monocéntrico, en 16 estudiantes caribeños de la Facultad de Medicina No. 1 en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, durante abril de 2020, los cuales presentaron diversas manifestaciones psicológicas y/o psicopatológicas debido al impacto ante la COVID-19. A cada uno se le aplicó la escala de autoevaluación de depresión de Zung y Conde y el IDARE para evaluar el estado de ansiedad antes y después del tratamiento; también se les realizó una entrevista semiestructurada para profundizar en el problema y determinar el funcionamiento emocional y las situaciones generadoras de esos estados. Resultados: El sexo predominante fue el femenino y el rango etario de mayor frecuencia el de 20-30 años. Luego de la intervención existió una reducción tácita de los niveles de ansiedad y los síntomas depresivos, y se obtuvo una evolución clínica favorable. Conclusiones: La intervención psicoterapéutica resultó ser efectiva, pues se actuó directamente sobre los aspectos relacionados con la enfermedad que infundían temor a los educandos, y con ello se logró una buena respuesta clínica.

Introduction: The propagation of the COVID-19 and its exponential growth as pandemic, extended to all the regions of the world, has been, undoubtedly, a social, psychological and physiologic stressor without precedents. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the brief psychotherapy in a group of Caribbean Medicine students. Methods: A monocentric study of psychotherapeutic intervention was carried out in 16 Caribbean students from the No. 1 Medicine Faculty in the University of Medical Sciences in Santiago de Cuba, during April, 2020, which presented diverse psychological and/or psychopathological signs due to the impact of COVID-19. The depression self-appraisal scale of Zung-Conde and IDARE was applied to all of them to evaluate the state of anxiety before and after the treatment; a semistructured interview was also carried out to deepen in the problem and to determine the emotional performance and the generating situations of those states. Results: The predominant sex was the female and the age range of more frequency was that of 20-30 years. After the intervention it existed a tacit reduction of the anxiety levels and the depressive symptoms, and there was a favorable clinical course. Conclusions: The psychotherapeutic intervention was effective, because it directly acted on the aspects related to the disease that instill fear to the students, and a good clinical answer was achieved.